Acute Appendicitis
It is the most frequent abdominal surgical emergency. It is caused by the obstruction of the lumen of the cecal appendix, which leads to an alteration in venous and, subsequently, arterial blood flow. It can perforate within the first 12 to 24 hours, meaning a timely diagnosis can make a significant difference in the prognosis. […]
Gallbladder Diseases
The gallbladder is an organ embedded in the liver that is responsible for concentrating bile, which is released during digestion to help break down fats. The conditions specific to the gallbladder include cholelithiasis (gallstones), emptying disorders (biliary dyskinesia), and both benign and malignant tumors, such as gallbladder polyps. Acute calculous cholecystitis is the most frequent […]
Hiatal Hernia and GERD
Hiatal hernia and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are pathologies that go hand in hand, and their clinical manifestation considerably alters the patient’s quality of life. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is the backflow of gastric content into the esophagus and/or larynx, resulting in acid burns. The most frequent clinical manifestations are reflux, belching, abdominal bloating or swelling […]
Indications for Anti-Reflux Surgery
Laparoscopic fundoplication has become an excellent therapeutic option for patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, as it has proven to be a safe, effective, and durable procedure. Laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery is significantly more effective at improving quality of life indicators and eliminating symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease when compared to medical treatment. Before a patient can […]
Abdominal Hernias
Abdominal hernias are defects or weaknesses in different regions of the abdominal wall, such as inguinal hernias, umbilical hernias, incisional hernias, Spigelian hernias, and epigastric hernias. The diagnosis is completely clinical, though we can also rely on an abdominal wall ultrasound or one specifically directed to the region where the defect is located. They manifest […]
Hemorrhoidal Disease
It is defined as the dilation of the hemorrhoidal plexus located in the terminal part of the rectum, anal canal, and anus. From an anatomical standpoint, they are classified as internal and external. In Mexico, its exact prevalence is unknown, but at least 5% of the general population exhibits symptoms related to this disease. Hemorrhoids […]
Barrett’s Esophagus
Barrett’s Esophagus Barrett’s esophagus is an acquired condition resulting from a severe injury to the esophageal mucosa, and its clinical significance lies in its potential progression to esophageal cancer. Patients with Barrett’s esophagus carry a 30- to 50-fold increased risk of developing esophageal cancer. It is estimated that out of all individuals undergoing an upper […]
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can be associated with otorhinolaryngological manifestations such as laryngitis, chronic cough, odynophagia, post-nasal drip, and asthma. GERD has a significant negative impact on patients’ quality of life, as the persistence of symptoms frequently affects their performance in work and social activities. Chronic laryngitis and hard-to-treat throat burning are associated with acid […]
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) It is known as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, primarily because insulin resistance appears to be one of the main physiological mechanisms causing intra- and perihepatic fat accumulation. The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ranges from 3% to 36.9% in the general population. It is more prevalent […]